WASHINGTON (AP) — As some Israelis fled an Iranian missile strike, they received text messages on their Android phones offering links to real-time information about bomb shelters. However, the links downloaded hidden spyware instead of a helpful app. The hidden spyware gave hackers access to the devices’ cameras, locations, and data.

Authorities attributed the operation to Iran. The attack showed sophisticated coordination and represented the latest tactic in a cyber conflict involving the U.S., Israel, Iran, and its digital proxies.

Iran and its supporters use cyber capabilities to offset their military disadvantages. They also increasingly rely on disinformation, artificial intelligence, and hacking as tools of modern warfare.

The bogus texts appeared recently and coincided with missile strikes. Gil Messing, chief of staff at Check Point Research, a cybersecurity firm with offices in Israel and the U.S., said the timing created a novel combination of digital and physical attacks.